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About the Area
Nestled in the heart of Richland County, the City of Olney, IL 62450, is steeped in a rich tapestry of history that dates back to the early 19th century. The settlement of the area began around 1815 when Thaddeus Morehouse, a native of Vermont, built a log cabin along a stagecoach route that connected Vincennes, Indiana, to St. Louis. This cabin served as both a hotel and tavern, marking the beginning of the community that would grow into Olney1. Richland County itself was established in 1841, carved from the eastern part of Clay and the western part of Lawrence counties, and named after Richland County, Ohio, reflecting the origins of many of its early settlers2.
Olney was officially incorporated as a village in 1848, and it wasn’t long before it found itself amidst the turmoil of the Civil War. The county’s loyalties were divided, necessitating the stationing of Union troops to enforce the draft, as some local citizens provided refuge to deserters. Despite this, an estimated 1,700 Richland County citizens fought for the Union. The area also boasts a unique claim to fame: in 1950, a spot north of Olney near Dundas was identified as the population center of the United States1. Today, Olney is known not only for its historical significance but also as the “Home of the White Squirrel,” celebrating its unique wildlife alongside its storied past3.
The white squirrels of Olney, Illinois, are a unique and cherished part of the city’s identity. These aren’t just any squirrels; they’re albino Eastern grey squirrels, a rarity in the animal kingdom due to their recessive albino gene1. The story of how these white squirrels came to be such a prominent feature of Olney is shrouded in local legend and lore.
One popular hypothesis suggests that in the early 1900s, a local hunter named William Yates Stroup discovered two white baby squirrels after an unfortunate hunting incident and raised them. These squirrels were later displayed in a saloon window, drawing much attention. When a law was passed prohibiting the confinement of wildlife, these squirrels were released into the wild, where they thrived and multiplied2.
Another account tells of George W. Ridgely, who found a cream-colored squirrel and a white squirrel on his farm near Sumner. After capturing and raising several litters, a pair was brought to Olney and sold to a saloon owner. These squirrels were also eventually released, contributing to the growing population of white squirrels in the area2.
Today, the white squirrels are a major tourist attraction and have received global coverage. They are so beloved that the city has taken measures to protect them, including ordinances that prohibit the capture and confinement of these creatures. The best times to spot these white wonders are early in the morning or at dusk when they’re most active1. Olney’s residents take great pride in their white squirrels, and you’ll find their images on city logos, statues, and souvenirs throughout the town1.
So, if you ever find yourself in Olney, keep your eyes peeled for these little white celebrities scampering around, and remember, while they may be friendly, they are still wild animals, so it’s best to admire them from a distance1.
Olney, Illinois, and the surrounding Richland County are home to a diverse array of wildlife, thanks to the region’s mix of forests, wetlands, and prairies. Beyond the famous white squirrels, the area is a habitat for various species of birds, mammals, and other creatures.
Bird enthusiasts can find a variety of species, especially at the nearby Chautauqua National Wildlife Refuge. This refuge is an important stop for migratory birds along the Illinois River and has been designated as an Important Bird Area and a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance1. Eagles are particularly abundant in the Illinois River Valley each winter, and the refuge celebrates their return with an annual event every February1.
The refuge’s diverse ecosystems support communities of fish, wildlife, and plants. Visitors can explore the open wetlands, backwater lakes, bottomland forests, savanna bluffs, and prairies, which are home to species such as mallards, pintails, and other waterfowl during migration periods1.
In addition to birds, the area’s wildlife includes mammals like raccoons, which have been known to be rescued and rehabilitated by local wildlife enthusiasts2. The forests around Olney are also home to various tree species, providing a habitat for native wildlife such as squirrels (other than the white variety), rabbits, and occasionally deer.
For those interested in experiencing the natural beauty and wildlife of Olney, there are nature trails and wildlife areas that offer opportunities for birding, wildlife watching, and enjoying the serene environment3. Whether you’re a local resident or a visitor, the wildlife in Olney adds to the charm and allure of this small town in southern Illinois.
Olney, Illinois, offers a variety of outdoor activities that cater to nature lovers, sports enthusiasts, and families looking for fun and relaxation. Here are some activities you can enjoy:
- Olney City Park: This park spans 55 acres and features covered picnic shelters, lighted tennis courts, horseshoe courts, and playgrounds. It’s also the site for special events like the Christmas light display and the Richland County Fair1.
- Miller’s Grove: A picturesque spot perfect for a picnic lunch by the lake. Keep an eye out for the white squirrels and enjoy the tranquil setting1.
- Rotary Park: Offers a disc golf course, playground, and pavilions. It’s a great place to spend the day, and you can bring your fishing gear to enjoy the area off of East Fork Lake1.
- East Fork State Park MTB trails: If you’re into mountain biking or horseback riding, this is the place for you. The trails are well-maintained and offer a good mix of challenge for different skill levels1.
- Borah Lake and Vernor Lake: These bodies of water provide a serene environment for fishing, boating, or simply enjoying the view1.
- Bird Haven: A nature and wildlife area where birdwatchers can spot a variety of local and migratory birds1.
- Musgrove Aquatic Center and Sports Complex: For those who enjoy swimming and sports, these facilities offer a great way to stay active and cool off during the warmer months1.
These are just a few of the outdoor activities available in Olney. Whether you’re looking to engage in sports, relax in nature, or just have fun with the family, Olney has something to offer for everyone.
The Christmas light display at Olney City Park is a festive highlight that brings the community together during the holiday season. This enchanting event kicks off on Thanksgiving weekend and continues through Christmas, transforming the park into a winter wonderland1.
Visitors can marvel at the dazzling array of lights and decorations that adorn the park’s 55 acres. The display features a variety of themes and setups, ranging from traditional Christmas scenes to more creative and whimsical designs. It’s a time when families, friends, and visitors from near and far gather to celebrate the spirit of the season, enjoying the brilliant lights that illuminate the cold winter nights1.
The light display is meticulously planned and set up by local volunteers and city workers, and it’s free for all to enjoy. It’s not just about the lights; the event also includes other festive activities and treats, making it a cherished tradition for the Olney community. Whether you’re taking a leisurely stroll through the park or driving through the designated route, the Olney City Park Christmas light display is sure to fill you with holiday cheer1.
Brief Historical run down
Olney, Illinois, has a rich history that reflects the broader changes in American society over time. Here’s a brief overview of how Olney has evolved:
- Early Settlement: The area now known as Olney began to be settled around 1815 when Thaddeus Morehouse, a native of Vermont, built a log cabin that served as a hotel and tavern1.
- Formation of Richland County: In 1841, Richland County was formed by partitioning Edwards County, and Olney was later incorporated as a village in 18481.
- Civil War Era: The Civil War brought turmoil to the county, with sympathies divided between the Union and the Confederacy. It was necessary to station troops in Olney to enforce the draft1.
- Presidential Visits: Both Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas spoke at political rallies in Olney on September 20, 18561.
- World Wars Contribution: Nearly 1,000 Olney residents served in World War I, and during World War II, Richland County provided four generals for the war effort, a notable contribution for a county outside of Cook County1.
- Population Center: In 1950, a spot north of Olney near Dundas was identified as the population center of the United States1.
- Modern Day: Today, Olney is known for its unique charm and is famously the “Home of the White Squirrel,” reflecting its small-town pride and community spirit2.
The changes in Olney over time mirror the growth and development of many small towns in the Midwest, with a strong sense of history and community that continues to shape its identity. If you’re interested in more detailed historical changes or specific aspects of Olney’s history, I can help look up more information or create content related to that. Just let me know how I can assist you further!
Historical Economy
Certainly! Olney’s economy has several key characteristics:
- Population and Income: As of 2022, Olney had a population of approximately 9,000 people with a median household income of $57,260, which reflects a 3.29% growth from the previous year1.
- Employment: The employed population was around 4,087, marking a 2.35% increase in employment1.
- Major Industries: The largest industries in Olney are Manufacturing (803 people), Retail Trade (638 people), and Health Care & Social Assistance (619 people)1.
- High-Paying Sectors: The highest paying industries are Public Administration ($85,357 average income), Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting ($56,923), and Finance & Insurance ($46,591)1.
- Property Value and Homeownership: The median property value was $92,300, with a homeownership rate of 65.2%1.
- Diversity: The population is predominantly White (Non-Hispanic) (91.5%), with smaller percentages of other ethnic groups1.
- Education: Olney Central College is a notable educational institution, awarding 469 degrees in 20221.
- Cost of Living: The cost of living in Olney is relatively low, with the cost of groceries and rent being more affordable compared to the national average2.
- Unemployment Rate: The unemployment rate in Olney is 4.6%, which is lower than the US average2.
- Future Job Growth: The job market has increased by 2.8% over the last year, and future job growth over the next ten years is predicted to be 33.8%, slightly higher than the US average2.
Olney’s economy seems to be growing steadily with a focus on manufacturing, retail, and healthcare sectors. The community’s commitment to education and the relatively low cost of living contribute to its appeal as a place to live and work.